Questions

• United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances o It provides comprehensive measures against drug trafficking, including provisions against money laundering. o It provides for international cooperation.
• Article 23 of Indian Constitution prohibits traffic in human beings and forced labour. However, there is no specific law so far to deal with this crime
• The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 ( NDPS Act) o Essentially, the Act deals with supply reduction activities. As a follow up to the act, Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) was constituted. NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR DRUG DEMAND REDUCTION (2018-2025) - Includes Modules for re-treatment, ongoing treatment and post-treatment of addicts. India is also signatory to UN Single Convention on Narcotics Drugs 1961,
• Narcotics Control Bureau has been provided funds for developing a new software i.e. Seizure Information Management System (SIMS) which will create a complete online database of drug offences and offenders.
• National Survey by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (2002) found that 29% of the drug abusers were illiterates and a significant number of them came from lower strata.
• SDG 16 - Reducing violent crime, sex trafficking, forced labor, and child abuse are clear global goals.
• Women and girls make up most trafficking victims worldwide.
• National Crime Records Bureau, a total of 8,132 cases of human trafficking were reported in India in 2016 which is 15% increase from last year.
• Centre has signed historic pact for solution for bru refugees between Centre Tripura Mizoram and bru reang representatives.

600 crore package. Bru tribes will be given land to reside in Tripura. Permanent solution for a 23 year old refugee crisis.

More than 30000 bru tribes fled from Mizoram and are residing in Tripura refugee camps since 1997 following killing of mizo forest guard at dampa tiger reserve allegedly by bru militants. this militancy was reaction against Mirza nationalist groups who demanded in 1990 that the brus should be left out of electoral rolls because they are not indigenous to Mizoram.

brus also referred to as reang are spread across Tripura Assam Manipur and Mizoram. in Tripura they are recognised as PVTG. In Mizoram they have been targeted why groups should not consider them indigenous

• Trafficking of Persons (Prevention, Protection and Rehabilitation) Bill, 2018 creates dedicated institutional mechanisms at District, State and Central Level. National Investigation Agency (NIA) will perform the tasks of Anti-Trafficking Bureau at the national level. Also a Rehab Fund is created
• United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (entered into force 2003-04), which have supported international law’s ability to combat human trafficking. It was ratified by India in 2011. Its two related protocols- United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children and United Nations Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea, and Air
• Ujjawala scheme for prevention of trafficking and rescue, rehabilitation, re-integration and repatriation of victims of trafficking.
• Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act (ITPA), 1956 supplemented by the Indian Penal Code prohibits trafficking in human beings for the purpose of prostitution and lays down severe penalties for trafficking.